Thermal Physics

Thermal Physics

Hello it’s been a long time since I have posted something. But now I am going to post about thermal physics and its theoretical introduction. Now starting with my work I would like to discuss some basic terminologies of Thermal physics.

Heat

Heat is the form of energy that flows from an object of higher temperature to a lower temperature. The matter around us posses energy in its molecules in form of molecular kinetic or potential energy, once this energy follows a path of temperature difference from one body to another then it is termed as heat. The temperature can be defined as a measurement scale in which the hotness or coldness of a object of mass is measured. 

The basic measurement scales in temperature are Kelvin the system international and the centigrade scale. The American scale of temperature is Fahrenheit scale. Heat can only be generated in a matter if the moving energies of the molecules or the rotational kinetic energy of the molecules changes its form. kinetic  energy and the other energy or the potential energy is also possessed by the particles and these energies of motion and rest of the particles in sum is known as the internal energy of the object.

Heating and cooling

The phenomenon of heating occurs when the object gains heat energy and the internal energy of the particles increase leading to rise in temperature. The cooling occurs if the object looses the heat energy and the internal energy of the object decreases leading to drop in temperature.

Thermal expansion

Railway  track  having  drastic  effect  of thermal  expansion 

The flow of heat energy in a substance leads to the increase in the net temperature of the object and that occurs because the molecules of the matter have absorbed a large amount of heat energy, this leads in the increase of kinetic energy. As the kinetic energy increases or the particles move faster they become freer and the phenomena of thermal expansion or the expansion of the bulk of the matter takes place  . The vice versa of the process occurs if the object is cooled, the movement of particles slow down and hey become more stiffer and contract. This phenomenon is known as thermal contraction.