Cell Structure and Function : Part One

Cell Introduction

Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Every function of body is carried out by  cell. The unit cell was first observed by Robert Hooke in 1665 when he was studying a cork and he saw very small units resembling the compartments of honey bee comb. The study of cell structure and function is called cytology. On the basic field of distribution cell is broadly categorized into three parts-

1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Nucleus

Cell membrane- Cell membrane is thin layer outside the cell also known as plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane. Its main function is to diffuse the organic molecule and synthesise protein and carry out exocytosis and endocytosis to gain and food and excrete bad material.

Cytoplasm is derived from two words Kytos and plasma which means hollow thick liquid. It is composed of various organic molecules and bear the load of all the organelles. It is made up of  various protein and glucose molecules. this fluid is a dense form of living body and also transports the organic food for metabolism.

 When we talk about nucleus it is the main functioning body of cell. It is further made up of three parts namely Nuclear membrane which is like the cell membrane and carries out almost same functions like the cell membrane. It separates the nuclear material by other organelles of the cell. The second part of nucleus is the nucleoplasm which contains the chromatin material. And at the last comes the nucleolus which is the core of the nuclear body and contains precise genetic programming for hereditary in off spring.   

Read intro here